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·ÕèÁÒ : ÍÂØ¸ÂÒ Discovering Ayutthaya ˹éÒ 60-61
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Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit
Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit is a place where a big Buddha image “Phra Mongkhon Bophit” is situated. The temple reflects the power of religious belief on Thai social and political ideal, and also witnesses on Ayutthaya people’s knowledge in casting metal into various forms, especially casting archaic into Buddha images.
The big archaic Buddha image situated in Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit is not known when he was casted and who modeled the image. It was only said that in King Songtham reign, the image situated in the east of the wihan was moved to the new place for 200 meters farther from the old one. Then a building with the roof of Thai-styled canopy was built to cover him, and the old place was used to build a crematorium for the former kings.
The top of the canopy over Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit was hit by a thunderbolt in the reign of King Sua. The roof was tumbled down, hit the image’s head and made it fall onto the ground. Then the old building was renovated and changed from the old form to a wihan (the form like a chapel or the Ubosot). Later the wihan was renovated again in the reign of King Boromakot. After Ayutthaya was completely destroyed, Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit was deserted, and became damaged. The image’s topknot and an arm were broken. King Chulalongkorn of Rattanakosin period commissioned renovating the image in 1956. Field Marshal Por Phibunsongkhram, a Thai Prime Minister, assigned building a new wihan for Phra Mongkhon Bophit, the wihan we can see nowadays.
Additionally, the Thai government invited Mr. Unu, a Burmese Prime Minister, to visit Thailand for a special consequence in 1955. Mr. Unu apologized for the case that the Burmese troops destroyed Krung Si Ayutthaya. He also donated 200,000 baht added to the Thai government’s sum in order to build the roof for the wihan which is still existed in the present days. Mr. Unu also planted a sapling of a bodh-tree at Wat Phra Sri Mahathat in Bangkok.
Reference
Kasetsiri, Chanwit, editor. (n.d.). Discovering Ayutthaya, pp. 60-61.
Wihan Phra Mongkhon Bophit was built on the ruins of the old one:
Nowadays this temple is the center of Phranakhon Si Ayutthaya tourism. We always hear the saying that “If one visits Ayutthaya and does not pay homage to Phra Mongkhon Bophit, it means that he does not reach Ayutthaya”. Moreover, tourists can buy suveniors and articles at the shops in the wihan area, and a big car park is provided at the temple.
Luang Poh Mongkhon Bophit is a sacred Buddha image repected by all Ayutthaya people, the same as Luang Poh Toh at Wat Phanan Choeng. Nowadays, a lot of Ayutthaya people and tourists come to pay homage to him. Most of all, the beauty and the size of Phra Mongkhon Bophit also interests foreign tourists.
Professor Santi Leksukhum spoke of Luang Poh Mongkhon Bophit that he was a Buddha image of the middle era, and might have been casted in the reign of King Songtham. Although the image was already renovated, the original trails were still kept according to a photograph before the renovation: the circular face and decoration of the image’s face is different from that of the Buddha images in Sukhothai period. When the Department of Fine Arts renovated the image, they discovered that the image’s chest contained many archaic Buddha images in many sizes. This is the characteristic of a Buddha image in the middle period. {In a book “Ngan Changluang Haeng Paendin Sillapa Ayutthaya (Royal Craftmen’s work and Ayutthaya Arts)” by Professor Doctor Santi Leksukhum}
Reference
Picture and captions by Patr Taengphan. Ayutthaya Study Institute.